The reverse transcriptase uses stavudine triphosphate instead of thymidine triphosphate for making DNA, and the stavudine triphosphate interferes with the action of the reverse transcriptase. Human immunodeficiency virus causes HIV infection. HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is spread through contact with genital fluids or blood of an infected person. Selected adverse reactions that occurred in adult Hepatosplenomegaly (up to 72%) was reported in children; this side effect was not listed for adults. Because clinical trials are conducted under widely Ene L, Goetghebuer T, Hainaut M, Peltier A, Toppet V, Levy J "Prevalence of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected children: a cross-sectional study." Am J Gastroenterol 92 (1997): 1563-4, 32. See additional information. Common side effects of Zerit include chills, rash, abdominal pain, weight loss, and insomnia. Gallant JE "Drug resistance after failure of initial antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited countries." [Ref], Very common (10% or more): Chills/fever (up to 50%), asthenia (up to 35%), pain (up to 21%), malaise (up to 20%), Frequency not reported: Edema, infection, accidental injury, AIDS, death, face edema, mucous membrane disorder, enlarged abdomen, peripheral edema, -Frequency not reported: Increased weight, increased blood lipid levels[Ref], Very common (10% or more): Rash (up to 40%), sweating (up to 18%), pruritus (up to 15%), Common (1% to 10%): Maculopapular rash, lipoatrophy, Frequency not reported: Subcutaneous fat loss, progressive subcutaneous fat wasting, ecchymosis, lesions, vesiculobullous rash, dry skin, skin discoloration, seborrhea, skin disorder, fungal dermatitis, nail disorder, petechial rash, skin ulcer, herpes zoster, Postmarketing reports: Lipodystrophy[Ref]. or a combination of these factors. Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur while taking stavudine: Some side effects of stavudine may occur that usually do not need medical attention. possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal failure. Clin Ther 22 (2000): 685-708, 5. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition that results after HIV has extensively damaged a person's immune system. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 1 Oct 2020), Cerner Multum™ (updated 1 Oct 2020), Wolters Kluwer™ (updated 30 Sep 2020) and others. Nearly everyone who is infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) should start antiviral medication therapy as soon as they are diagnosed. Treat Guidel Med Lett 7 (2009): 11-22, 29. Drug interactions of Zerit include hydroxyurea. pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the standard treatment for HIV infection. HIV/AIDS diagnosis and monitoring have come a long way from the days when a diagnosis was a death sentence. These reactions have been chosen for inclusion due to their seriousness, frequency of reporting, causal connection to stavudine, or a combination of these factors. Ter Hofstede HJ, Koopmans PP, Burger DM "Stavudine plasma concentrations and lipoatrophy." It is unknown if Zerit is excreted in breast milk. AI455-019a,b. Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis (including fatal cases) have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. McComsey GA, Re VL 3rd, O'Riordan M, et al. Available for Android and iOS devices. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088. Mandelbrot L, Kermarrec N, Marcollet A, et al. Squires KE, Weiss W, Sacks H, Hassett J, Gugliotti R, Murray H "Effect of 2'3'-didehydro-3'deoxythymidine (d4T) on p24 antigenemia in patients with AIDS or ARC." Other peripheral neurological symptoms not requiring dose changes were reported in up to 39% of patients. Med Lett Drugs Ther 43 (2001): 103-8, 10. In a monotherapy trial, decreased neutrophils (less than 750/mm3) and platelets (less than 50,000/mm3) were reported in 5% and 3% of patients, respectively. Severe side effects include high blood lactate, pancreatitis, and an enlarged liver. Commonly reported side effects of stavudine include: increased serum alanine aminotransferase, increased serum amylase, increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, and increased serum lipase. Learn about HIV positive, being HIV... HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection left untreated causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -, Drug class: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), weakness in the arms, hands, legs, or feet, pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back, shakiness and unsteady walk, unsteadiness, trembling, or other problems with muscle control or coordination (severe), sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or in the mouth, trembling or other problems with muscle control or coordination. Older guidelines recommended delaying treatment to help reduce the potential for drug side effects and viral resistance to treatment. drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another Ann Pharmacother 1998; 32: 1108. Martinez E, Mocroft A, GarciaViejo MA, PerezCuevas JB, Blanco JL, Mallolas J, Bianchi L, Conget I, Blanch J, Phillips A, Gatell "Risk of lipodystrophy in HIV-1-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors: a prospective cohort study." Brinkman K, terHofstede HJM, Burger DM, Smeitinkt JAM, Koopmans PP "Adverse effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitors: mitochondrial toxicity as common pathway." How Long Should You Wait to Get an HIV Test? Gynecomastia with stavudine treatment in an HIV-positive patient. [Ref], Very common (10% or more): Insomnia (up to 29%), depression (up to 24%), anxiety (up to 22%), nervousness (up to 12%), Common (1% to 10%): Abnormal dreams, abnormal thinking, Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Emotional lability, Frequency not reported: Personality disorder[Ref]. Body as a Whole: abdominal pain, allergic reaction, chills/fever. [Ref], Frequency not reported: Genital pain, urinary incontinence[Ref], Frequency not reported: Immune reconstitution/reactivation syndrome, autoimmune disorders in the setting of immune reconstitution (e.g., Graves' disease, polymyositis, Guillain-Barre syndrome)[Ref], Frequency not reported: Fanconi syndrome[Ref], 1. It is unknown if Zerit is excreted in breast milk. and Adolescents – A Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Stavudine should be given with caution to patients with hepatomegaly or other risk factors for liver disease. Insomnia has also been reported during postmarketing experience.[Ref]. Specifically, Zerit is converted within the body to its active form (stavudine triphosphate). Mallal SA, John M, Moore CB, James IR, McKinnon EJ "Contribution of nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors to subcutaneous fat wasting in patients with HIV infection." patients receiving Zerit in a controlled monotherapy study (Study AI455-019) Rana KZ, Dudley MN. Doctors also must test for drug resistance. What drugs interact with Zerit (stavudine)? Because these reactions The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Elevated ALT (up to 5 x ULN) and AST (up to 5 x ULN) were reported in 65% and 63% of patients, respectively. This triphosphate halts the DNA synthesis of retroviruses, including HIV, through competitive inhibition of reverse transcriptase and incorporation into viral DNA. J Clin Pharmacol 47 (2007): 1570-9, 35. J Antimicrob Chemother 61 (2008): 933-8, 45. 1. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Terms of Use. See a picture of HIV-associated Dementia... Get a historical overview of the HIV/AIDS pandemic from human contraction to the present through this slideshow of pictures. Syncope (up to 15%), encephalopathy (up to 17%), abnormal gait (up to 11%), tremor (up to 11%), hyperkinesia (up to 10%), ear disorder (up to 39%), ear pain (up to 45%), otitis media (up to 15%), and speech disorder (up to 10%) were reported in children; these side effects were not listed for adults. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. Do You Need Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV with No Symptoms? Selected laboratory abnormalities reported in a Clin Infect Dis 34 (2002): 418-9, 34. Selected adverse reactions that HIV infected mothers should not breastfeed because of the potential risk of transmitting HIV to an infant that is not infected. No pharmacokinetic (eg, plasma concentrations or intracellular triphosphorylated active metabolite concentrations) or pharmacodynamic (eg, loss of HIV-1/HCV virologic suppression) interaction was observed when ribavirin and lamivudine (n=18), stavudine (n=10), or zidovudine (n=6) were coadministered as part of a multi-drug regimen to HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients. type and frequency to those seen in adult patients. Anorexia and lactic acidosis have also been reported during postmarketing experience. SaintMarc T, Partisani M, PoizotMartin I, Bruno F, Rouviere O, Lang JM, Gastaut JA, Touraine JL "A syndrome of peripheral fat wasting (Lipodystrophy) in patients receiving long-term nucleoside analogue therapy." While there have been reports that hydroxyurea may enhance the antiretroviral activity of stavudine, the overall results of these reports are inconsistent, and the combined use of these drugs is associated with an increased incidence of stavudine-associated adverse effects, including pancreatitis and … Human immunodeficiency virus or HIV, destroys important cells that fight disease and infection, which weakens a person's immune system. Early symptoms and signs of HIV infection include flu-like symptoms and fungal infections, but some people may not show any symptoms for years. Sulkowski MS, Mehta SH, Torbenson M, et al. During infection with HIV, the HIV virus multiplies within the body's cells. Drugs 1999; 58: 919–49. Drug Safety 1998; 19: 481–94. HIV can be controlled by a strict drug regimen, but left unchecked, it leads to AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 30 (2000): 198-200. "Product Information. Eur J Pediatr 166 (2006): 13-21, 38. Schiano TD, Lissoos TW, Ahmed A, Siano C, Zaitman D, Cohn G, Ehrenpreis ED "Lamivudine-stavudine-induced liver failure in hepatitis B cirrhosis." Zerit (stavudine) is a type of antiviral medication called a reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat infections with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects. Fatal lactic acidosis has been reported in pregnant individuals who received the combination of stavudine and didanosine with other antiretroviral agents.
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